Means for cementing wells



oct, 23, 1945.

C. A. BROKAW `MEANS FOR CEMENTING WELLS 1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 1 `HJVENTOR.

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` )Oct 23, 1945.

c. A. .BROKAW MEANS FOR CEMENTING WELLS 5 sheet-sheet v2 Filed Maron 1, 1945 v Y INVENTDR. Char/6s A. Brokaw BY g1 /1 rroxwe 0t 23, 1945- c. A. BRoKAw MEANS FOR GEMENTING WELLS Filed March l, 1943 3I Sheets-Sheet 5 W www 5w @gm .C

has@ on. 23, 194s o MEANS FOB CEMENTENG WELLS Charles A. Brokaw, Houston, Tex.

Application March l, 1943, Serial No. 477,592

l1 Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements inv apparatus and means for cementing wells. Y

As is well known,/ it is common practice to introduce cement into a well bore for .the purpose of plugging or closing said bore at a particular or desired elevation. Ordinarily, the cement is introduced through a pipe or conductor which extends axially withinthe well bore, said cement being ejected from the lower portion of said pipe. The annular space between the pipe and the well bore is filled wi-th a mud, or other fluid, and it has been found that when the cement enters the bore, it will channel upwardly through said fluid, with the result that the cement is not maintained in a compact mass within the well bore and a solid, effective plug is not produced. This upward channeling oi the cement through the mud or other duid is due to the fact that the fluid column does not form a solid bridger which will resist the iiow of the cement therethrough.

r It is one object of the present invention to provide an improved well cementing apparatus which will emciently prevent upward channeling of the cement through the iluid column, wherebythe cement is retained in a more or less compact mass so that subsequent setting of said cement will form a solid plug which effectively closes the well bore.

An important object of the invention is to provide an improved -well cementing apparatus having an expansible element which positively separates vthe cement being introduced into the well bore from the uid column thereabove; said element being movable upwardly as additional cement is introduced, whereby the separating element offers substantially no resistance to the introduction of said cement while constantly maintaining a seal between the cement and fluid column.

A particular object of the invention is to provide an improved well cementing appara-tus, of the character described, having an expansible element and also having outlet ports through which the cement is ejected, said element being normally in a retracted position and said ports being normally closed to permit the apparatus to be lowered'through the well bore; the apparatus being so constructed that the element may be released for expansion and the ports opened by the ,application of pressure within the assembly, whereby the proper setting of the apparatus and actuation thereof is facilitated.

Still another object oi the' invention is to provide an improved cementing apparatus, of the l character described, wherein the separating and sealing element is a flexible, umbrella-type member which is normally latched in a retracted position and which, when released for expansion, en-

gages the wall of the well bore to span or bridge the annular space between the pipe and well bore; said element being freely slideable upon the pipe or conductor so that the cement under pressure which is introduced into the well bore below the element will move said element upwardly within said bore, whereby any desired amount of o said cement may be introduced without affecting the seal formed by said element.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cementing apparatus, wherein a plug or closure is dropped or pumped downwardly through the conductor and iluid pressure applied thereto to effect a simultaneous release of the expansible element and opening of the cementing ports.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a well cementing apparatus, of the char-o acter described, having means for permitting a, circulation of uid through the well bore above the separating and sealing element, said means being normally closed and being arranged to be opened at any desired time, whereby the well pipe may be thoroughly cleaned of cement when conditions require.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved cementing apparatus, wherein a circulating sub is mounted at the upper end of the apparatus and at the lower end of the well conductor, said sub being constructed so as to -be automatically actuated by the separating or sealing element and after said element has moved a predetermined distance upwardly on the pipe or conductor.

`A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specifications and by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: y

Figure 1 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation of a well cementing apparatus, constructed in accordance with the invention, and showing the parts in position prior to actuation.

Figure 2 is a reduced elevation of the apparatus, showing the parts in position after operation and following the introduction of cement into the well bore.

Figure 3 is an enlarged, transverse, vertical sectional View of the lower portion of the apparatus,

with the cementing ports closed and lthe separating element retracted.

Figure 4 is a similar view, with the ports opened and the element expanded.

Figure 5 1s an enlarged, horizontal cross-sectional view, taken on the line 5-.5 of Figure l.

Figure 6 is a horizontal cross-sectional view, taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 4.

Figure 'I is a horizontal, cross-sectional view. taken on the line 1-1 of Figure 4.

Figure 8 is an enlarged transverse, vertical sectional view of the circulating sub, showing the circulating ports in a closed position.

Figure 9 is a similar view, with the circulating ports open. i

Figure l is an enlarged, horizontal cross-sectional view, taken on the line I0-III of Figure 8.

Figure ll is an enlarged, horizontal crosssectional view, taken on the line II-II of Figure 9.

Figure 12 is an enlarged sectional detail of the latch in the circulating sub.

In the drawings, the numeral I0 `designates a tubular conductor or pipe which is. adapted to be lowered into the well bore A. The improved cementing apparatus is arranged to be connected to the lower end of said conductor and includes a circulating sub assembly B which has direct connection with said conductor. An elongate section of pipe I I connects the sub assembly with a separating element assembly C and manifestly, the tubular conductor may be utilized to lower and properly position the apparatus at the desired point in the well bore A The assembly C is clearly shown in Figures 3 to 7 and comprises a tubular body or housing I2 which is connected to the lower end of the pipe II by an adapter or coupling I3. A sleeve I4 telescopes the body l2, beingv freely slldable within the bore thereof, and normally the sleeve is in a raised position relative to said body, as shown in Figure 3. Axial sliding movement of said sleeve with respect to the body is limited by the co-action of diametrically opposed grooves or channels I formed in the wall of the bore of said body with radially projecting lugs I6 is noted that the ports I8 could be eliminated and the ports I'I disposed so that when the sleeve I4 is in its raised position, said ports are within the housing I2 and when in a lowered position, said ports I'I move below the lower end of said housing. In such instance, it would not be neces.. sary to prevent rotation of the housing with respect to the sleeve and a more simple construction wouldbehad. r

A flexible umbrella-type separating'element D is slidably mounted on the pipe II and includes a plurality of flat metallic bars or spring members I8, the upper ends of which are secured to a collar which surrounds the pipe I I and which is freely movable thereon. 'I'he lbars I9 support a covering I8a of canvas, or other ilexible material, which is suitably fastened to the which extend outwardly from the upper portion i of the sleeve. The groove and lug connection between thesleeve and housing also prevents any rotation of these parts with respect to each other. It might be noted that the upper ends of the grooves I5 are closed by the lower end of the adapter I3.

When the sleeve I4 is in a raised position (Figure 3) a pair of outlet ports I'I, which are diametrically opposite each other. in said sleeve, are out of registration with similar outlet ports I8 provided in the body or housing I2 and obviously, when in such position, communication between the sleeve i4 and the well bore A outside of the housing I2 is shut off. Downward movement of the sleeve relative to the housing will result in the ports I1 in said sleeve registering with the ports I8 in the housing, whereby a ilow from the bore of the sleeve, through the alined ports and into the well bore A may occur (Figure 4). Positive alinement of the ports I1 and I8 is assured because the sleeve cannot rotate relative to the housing due to the lug and groove connection therebetween. Since the bore o l' the sleeve I4 is in direct communication with the bore of the tubular conductor I Il through the-pipe II, it is manifest that the sleeve I4 and housing I2 provide a sleeve-type valve for controlling the iiow from the conductor into the well bore.' It

inner surfaces of the bars and when the element is in its expanded position, as shown in Figure 4, the inherent resiliency of the bars I! holds said element in sealing engagement with the wall of the well bore. 'I'he lower end of the 'separating element is open.

The lower portion of said separating element is adapted to be held inwardly to maintain the element in a retracted position by a retaining collar 2l which is threaded onto the lower end of the telescoping sleeve I4. The collar is formed with an annular recess or groove 22 for receiving Athe lower portion of Ithe element, the resiliency of the spring bars I9 permitting sumcient flexing of the element to allow the insertion of said lower portion into the recess as is illustrated in Figure 3. Angular latch bars or elements I 9b which are secured to the inner wall of the element D project radially upwardly beneath the lower end of the housing i2 and these bars prevent the element from sliding upwardly on the pipe II when said element is in a retracted position during lowering of the device into the well bore. It is pointed out that when the collar is engaged with the element, the sleeve I4, having the collar attached thereto, is in its raised position so that the element D is retracted when the outlet ports I1 and I8 are closed. The collar 2| is provided with an axial opening 23 of slightly less diameter than the bore of the sleeve I4, whereby an internal annular seat or shoulder 24 is formed within saidcollar.

The separating element D completely encircles the housing I2 and has its upper and lower ends extending some distance beyond the extremities of said housing. vAs explained, said element is in a retracted position and is held so by the retaining collar when the sleeve I4 is in a raised position relative to the housing; in such position, the outer periphery of the element is spaced from the wall of the well bore A (Figure 3) and the apparatus may be readily lowered through the fluid column in the well bore to the desired position, the fluid in said bore by-passing the assembly during such lowering.

When the apparatus has been properly located within the well bore, a plug 25 is dropped or pumped downwardly through the' conductor Ill and said plug will pass downwardly through the pipe II and sleeve I4, coming to rest upon the annular seat 24, (Figure 4) and thereby closing the bore of the sleeve. Subsequent application of fluid pressure within the bore of the conductor acts upon the plug 25, whereby the sleeve I4 is moved downwardly relative to the housing I2. Such downward, movement of the sleeve moves the retaining collar 2l downwardly relative to the separating element D to disengage said collar from the lelement and permit said element to expand outwardly into engagement with the wall of the well bore. Any simultaneous downward movement of the element D is pre- `vented at this time Aby the engagement of the lower end of the slidably mounted collar 20, to

which the upper end of the element is secured. with the adapter or coupling I3.

As the sleeve Il is moved downwardly to enect a release of the separating element D, the ports I1 in said sleeve are registered with the outlet ports Il in the housing I2 so as to establish communication between the bore of the conductor` III and the well bore A below the expanded element D which has engaged the wall of said well bore. Cement may then be pumped downwardly through the conductor I and sleeve I4 and since said sleeve has the lower end of its bore closed, the cement is directed outwardly through the alined ports I1 and Il. Manifestly. the separating element, having its outer periphery/ engaging the wall of the well bore, positively separates the incoming cement from the iiuid column in the well bore above said element and therefore, the cement is prevented from channeling upwardly through said fluid; this results in the cement being maintained in a more or less compact mass with substantially no foreign fluid admixed therewith, whereby upon settling, said cement forms a solid plug which effectively closes or plugs the well bore.

The cement is, of course, introduced into the well bore A under pressure and as additional cement is ejected through the ports I1 and` I8, this pressure is applied beneath the umbrellalike separating element D. As the cement builds up within the well bore, the elementA is moved upwardly within said bore, such upward movement being permitted because of the slidable mounting of the supporting collar which has the element D attached thereto. It is noted that expansion of the element has moved the angular latch bars Ish from beneath the housing I2 (Fig. 4) The element is axially aligned within `the well bore during its upward movement by a guide member 26 which has radial guide arms extending therefrom, said member being welded or otherwise secured to the collar 20. Manifestly, so long as cement is introduced, the separating element will rise with the cement column being built up in the well bore A and throughout its movement, said element will engage and ride upon the wall of the well bore to maintain a positive mechanical seal between said cement and any fluid in the well bore thereabove. By varying the length of the pipe section II, the sliding movement or travel of the element D before it engages the circulating sub assembly B, may be varied so that any desired column of cement may be built up within the bore.

After the cement has been introduced into the well, the conductor I l is lifted upwardly so as to raise the pipe II, housing I2 and sleeve Il out of said cement. Since the separating element D is slidable on the pipe II, it will be obvious that lifting of the conductor and pipe willcause said pipe to slide upwardly through the element, said element remaining in position on top of the cement column because of its frictional engagement with the wall of the well bore. Lifting of the lconductor and pipe continues until the upper end of the adapter I3 strikes the lower end of -the collar 20 to which the element D is attached and subsequent raising of said conductor lifts the element D above the ceassigns ment column which has been introduced into the bore. As soon as the lower end of the sleeve Il is clear of the cement column. a circulation of iluid, such as drilling mud is begun, said fluid flowing downwardly through the conductor I0 vand pipe .II and outwardly through the registered ports I1 and I8. 'I'his fluid washes the interiors of said conductor and pipe to remove the cement which may remain therein. As the circulating Iiuid enters the well bore below the separating element and above the cement. the pressure of said iiuid acting against the underside of the element D again slides the element upwardly on the pipe II and said element continues this upward movement until halted by its engagement with the circulating sub assembly. By this time, the interiors of the conductor I0 and pipe II are thoroughly cleansed and circulation'may be halted, after which the conductor and the apparatusv attached thereto may be pulled upwardly and removed from the well.

Conditions may occur during the cementing operation which will halt such cementing prior to completion, as for example, the cementing the pipe I I, will be full of cement and unless such cement is immediately cleaned out, the danger of cementing up the entire pipe is present. Because the cementing ports I1 and I8 are below the separating or sealing element and also because said element maintains a seal with the wall of the bore, it is impossible to obtain sufiicient circulation downwardly through the 'conductor and back upwardly through the wellbore to clean out the conductor I0.

To permit a thorough cleansing of the conductorito prevent its cementing up in case of breakdown of equipment, or for other reasons, the circulating sub assembly B is provided and, as explained, this assembly is connected to the lower end of the conductor I0. The assembly B is spaced suillciently above the separating ele ment D, that is, the pipe section I I is of suilicient length, so that during the cementing operation, it is assured that the desired volume or amount of cement may be introduced through the ports I1 and I8 and beneath said element before the element moves upwardly high enough to strike said assembly. Inrv other words, the desired vol ume of cement is introduced prior to the time that the separating element has been slid upwardly on the pipe section II to the position shown in Figure 2, in which position the guide collar 23, which is at the upper end of the separating element assembly C, has moved into engagement with the circulating sub assembly to actuate the same, as will now be explained.

The'sub assembly B comprises an inner sleeve 21 which has its upper end connected to aA tubular guide collar 28; the guide collar is, in turn, threaded intothe lower end of the conductor I0 and is provided with radial guide arms 29, whereby the sub assembly is maintained in axial alinement within the well bore A. The lower portion of the sleeve 21 telescopes a sub 30 which is slidable on said sleeve. The lower portion of the bore of the sub is enlarged at 3I to form an internal shoulder 32 within the sub and a ring 33 which is threaded onto the lower end of the sleeve 21 is movable within this enlarged portion of said bore: as will be seen by observing Figure 8, the ring 33 is engaged by the internal shoulder 32 to limit the downward movement and to retain the sub on the sleeve 21. A coiled spring 34 surrounds the sleeve and is coniined between the sub 30 and guide collar 26. said spring exerting its pressure to constantly urge the sub to its lowermost position with respect to the inner sleeve (Figure 8).

The sub has a pair of diametrically opposed ports 35 in its wall and when the subis in a lowered position on the inner sleeve, said ports are below and out of registration with similar ports 36 formed in said sleeve. Manifestly, in such position,v the ports are closed but upon upward movement of the sub 30 on the sleeve and against tension of the spring 34, the ports 35 and 33 are moved into registration (Figure 9), whereby a circulation of fluid downwardly through the conductor and upwardly through the Well bore A above the separating element D is possible.

For preventing rotation of the sub 30 on the sleeve to assure proper alinement of the outlet openings or ports 35 and 36 and also to lockthe sub in a raised position, a pivoted latch 31 is mounted within a recess 38 (Figure 12) in the wall of the sub above the shoulder 32. A small spring 39 is disposed within a bore 40 and has one end engaging the latch to urge said latch inwardly toward the sleeve. A plug Il which is threaded into the outer end of the bore 40 closes said bore and retains the spring therein. When the sub is in its lowered position, the latch engages within a vertical groove or channel 42 in the external surface of the sleeve 21 and acts to prevent rotation of the sub on said sleeve. As the sub moves upwardly on the sleeve, the latch rides upwardly in the groove and upon the sleeve reaching a position placing the ports 35 and 36 in registration, the latch engages within a locking recess 43 which is formed in the external surface of the sleeve 21 at the upper end of the groove. Such engagement of the latch .within the recess locks the sub in its raised position, thereby locking the outlet ports in an open position.

When the apparatus is lowered into the well bore A, the sub 30 is ln a lowered position closing the circulating ports and the sub remains in such position so long as the cementing proceeds satisvfactorily. If for any reason, the cementing operation is interrupted, then a suitable fluid is circulated downwardly through the conductor I and pipe II -to clean the interiors thereof and the pressure of this uid, which escapes through the ports I1 and I8 raises the separating element D to the position shown in Figure 2. In this position, the upper end of the guide 26 is engaged with the lower end of the sub 30 and said sub is moved upwardly on the inner sleeve 21 against tension of the spring 34 to register the circulating ports 35 and 36. When said ports are registered, the latch 31 has engaged within the locking recess to prevent return of the sub to its original or lowered position. Circulation of fluid maythen be carried out by pumping the fluid downwardly through the conductor, such fluid escaping through the open ports 35 and 36 and then flowing upwardly in the well bore to thoroughly cleanse the conductor` of the cement therein, Thus, the sub provides a safety means which obviates the danger of cementing up the well conductor I0.

The operation of the apparatus is obvious. The assembly is lowered in the well bore A with the various elements in the position shown in Figures l, 3 and 8, the separating element D being retracted, the cementing ports I1, I8 vclosed and the circulating ports 35, 36 also closed. If desired, the element D may be lled with drilling fluid, or the like, to prevent its complete collapse' by external pressures.' Whenthe assembly C reaches the position at which cement is to be introduced, the plug 25 is dropped or pumped downwardly and comes to rest on the seat 24 closing the bore of the telescoping sleeve I4. Subsequent application of pressure to said plug moves the sleeve downwardly with respect to the housing I2, whereby the element D is released and expanded and the ports I1 and I3 are registered to permit the introduction of cement through said ports and into the well bore below the expanded element. As the cement continues to be introduced, the sealing element slides upwardly on the pipe II and maintains a seal with the well bore to prevent channeling of the cement upwardly through the uid in the bore above said element. As explained, the sub assembly B 'is'spaced sufilciently above the element to assure that the desired amount of cement may be introduced and thus, when the cementing operation is complete, the element D is at some point ori-the pipe II spaced`be10w the suloA assembly.

After the cementing is complete, theconductor l0 and pipe II are raised upwardly, the latter moving through the element D which is held stationary on top of the cement column because of its frictional engagement with the wall of the bore. Upward movement of the conductor continues until the housing I2 engages the collar 20 of the separating element assembly C and raises the same and also until the lower end of the sleeve I4 is clear of the cement. A suitable fluid is then circulated downwardly through the conductor and pipe and outwardly through the ports I1 and I8 to thoroughly cleanse said conductor and pipe of any cement therein. This circulation is permitted since the separating element D, while still maintaining a seal with the bore, can again ride upwardly on the pipe II.v After the conductor and pipe have been cleaned of cement, the entire apparatus is removed by means of the conductor.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that the c irculating sub assembly B is inactive during the cementing operation. However, if for any reason, the cementing is halted prior to completion, in

-which event a relatively large portion of the conductor would be filled with cement, it is necessary that sorne means of circulating this cement out of said conductor be provided and it is under such conditions that said sub is actuated. To actuate the sub, iluid is circulated downwardly on top of any cement in the conductor and this results in the separating element being raised to the position shown in Figure 2, whereby the sub 30 is raised and the circulating ports 35 and 36 are registered. The ports are locked in open position by the latch 31 and continued circulation of uid cleans the conductor I0 of any cement therein. Thus, it is apparent that the sub assembly is a safety feature which obviates danger of cementing'up the conductor in the event that some unforeseen circumstance may preven completion ofthe cementing operation.

The foregoing description `oi the invention is eirplanatory thereof and various changes in the size, shape and materials as well as in the details of the illustrated construction, may be made within the scope of the appended claims and without departing from the spiritl of theA invention.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A well cementing apparatus including, .a tubular conductor adapted to belowered into a well bore and having an outlet opening in its groove with which said latch :,ssmos lower portion. a sleeve telescoping the lower portion of the conductor and having an opening therein adapted to register with the outlet opening to establish communication between the conductor and well bore when the sleeve moves downwardly relative to the conductor. a collar slidably ing the lower end oi' the separating element when the sleeve is in a raised position closing the outlet port in the conductor, downward movement of the sleeve simultaneously opening the port and releasing the separating element. whereby cement maybe introduced into the well bore below the element from said conductor.

2. A cementing apparatus-as set forth in claim 1, together with pressure means for imparting a downward movement to the sleeve lto open said outlet and release said element.

3. As a sub-combination in a well cementing apparatus, a circulating sub assembly including, an inner sleeve having an outlet port therein, a tubular sub slidable on said sleeve and having a port adapted to registerwith the port in said sleeve when said sub is moved upwardly relative e to the sleeve, resilient means for urging the sub toward its lowered position with respect to the sleeve to maintainthe ports out of registration,

and latch means for locking the sub in its raised position to lock the ports in their registered position.

4. The sub-combination set `forth in claim 3, wherein the latch means comprises a pivoted latch mountedon the sub and a locking recess formed in the sleeve, the sleeve also having a co-acts to prevent rotation o1' the sub on the sleeve during movement of said sub.

5. A well cementing apparatus including, a tubular conductor adapted to be lowered into a well bore, means at the lower portion of the conductor for establishing communication between the bore of the conductor and the well bore, said means being normally closed, an expansible separating element slidably mounted on the conductor above the communication establishing means and arranged to close oil the annular space between the conductor and well bore when in an expanded position, whereby when cement is introduced into the bore from the conductor the element will mechanically separate the cement from the iluid column thereabove. a connection between the communication means and the separating element when said communication means is closed, said connection functioning to normally retain the element in a retracted position. and pressure actuated means Ior simultaneously opening the communication means and for releasing the connection between said means and said separating element to permit expansion of the latter.

6. A cementing apparatus, oi' the character described including. a tubular conductor adapted to be lowered into a well bore and having an outlet opening in its lower portion whereby iluid from said conductor may be ejected into the well bore, valve means for controlling the ilow through said opening which valve means is normally closed, an expansible separating element slidably be lowered into a mounted on the conductor above the outlet opening and arranged to close o!! the annular space between the conductor and well bore when in an expanded position whereby fluid ejected through the outlet opening is prevented from admixing with the fluid column in the well bore above said element, a connection between the valve means and the separating element when said valve means is closed, said connection functioning to normally retain the element in a retracted position to facilitate .insertion of the apparatus within the well bore, and means for simultaneously opening said valve means and for releasing the con. nection between said valve means and said separating element to release the element for expansion when it is desired to introduce iiuid into the well bore below said element.

7. A well cementing apparatus including, a tubular conductor adapted to" be lowered into a well bore and having an outlet opening in its lower end, a sleeve valve within the lower portion ot the conductor arranged to co-act with the outletl opening to open and close the same for controlling the iiow therethrough, said sleeve valve being normally in a raised position closing said opening, an expansible separating element having an open lower end slidably mounted on the conductor above the outlet opening, said element being constructed so that when in its expanded position it closes oil the annular space between the conductor and well bore whereby iluid ejected through the outlet opening is prevented from channeling upwardly through the nuid column in the bore above said element, and means on the extreme lower end of said sleeve valve adapted t0 co-act with the lower portion of the separating element when said valveis raised for holding the element in a retracted position, downward movement of said sleeve valve simultaneously opening the outlet port and eifecting release of the separating element to permit expansion of the latter.

8. A cementing apparatus, of the character described including, a tubular conductor adapted to well bore and having an outlet opening in its lower portion whereby iluid from said conductor may be ejected intothe well bore, valve means for controlling the liow through said opening which valve means is normally closed, an expansible separating element slidably mounted on the conductor above the outlet opening and arranged to close oil the annular space between the conductor and well bore when in an expanded position whereby iiuid ejected through the outlet opening is prevented from admixing with the fluid column in the well bore above said element, means for slidably mounting the separating element on the conductor to permit said element to move upwardly as additional fluid is introduced into the well bore therebelow, and a, circulating sub-assembly connected in the conductor and spaced a predetermined distance above the separating element and having normally closed circulating ports therein, said separating element being adapted to engage and actuate the sub-assembly as said element moves upwardly, whereby the circulating ports are opened to allow a lluid circulation above the separating element.

9. A well cementing apparatus as set forth in claim 8, together with means in thesub-assembly for latching the assembly in a position holding the circulating ports open.

10. A cementing apparatus, of the character described including, a tubular conductor adapted to be lowered into a well bore and having an outlet opening in its lower portion whereby nuid from said conductor may be ejected into the well bore, valve means for controlling the tlow through said opening which valve means -is normally closed, an expansible separating element slida'oly mounted on the conductor above the outlet opening and arranged to close of! the annular space between the conductor and well bore when in an expanded position whereby iiuid ejected through the outlet opening is prevented from admiring with the fluid column in the well bore above said element, means for slidably mounting the separating element on the conductor to permit said element to move upwardly as additional uid is introduced into the well bore therebelow, a circulating sub-assembly mounted on the conductor and spaced above the separating element, said assembly including an inner sleeve having an. outlet port and connected in the conductor, a. sub slidable on the sleeve and having a port adapted to register with the port in the sleeve when in a raised position, and means for normally maintaining the aub in a lowered position with the ports out ot registration, the sub being adapted to be engaged and moved upwardly by the separating element to register the ports and therebypermit a circulation oi' iluid to be carried out above the element. v

ll. A well cementing apparatus including, a tubular conductor adapted to be lowered into a well bore, a valve-controlled outlet opening in the lower portion of the conductor whereby uid may be ejected from said conductor into the well bore, an expansible separating element slidably mounted on the conductor above the outlet opening for closing oi! the annular space between the conductor and well bore, whereby fluid ejected through said outlet opening is prevented from ads, z.: i with the uid column in the well bore above said element, said conductor having another outlet opening therein snd spaced above the first opening and alsoy above the separating' elel ment, and valve means normally'clcsing said second outlet opening and being arranged to be engaged and' actuated by the separating element to open said second outlet when said element has moved a predetermined distance upwardly on said conductor. l

CHARLES A.`BROKAW. 

